Proposal of theoretical-methodological and praxiological alternatives for the care of developmental disorders

Abstract

Introduction: child development is considered a critical dimension of children's quality of life. Early detection of warning signs and early stimulation for healthy growth and development constitutes a challenge.

Objective: to propose theoretical-methodological and praxiological alternatives for attention to developmental disorders in Nursing, Speech Therapy, Rehabilitation and Occupational Therapy careers.

Methods: Qualitative study with descriptive design, at the Technological Faculty of the University of Medical Sciences in Camagüey, Cuba, carried out between September 2021 and June 2023. The population was 43 graduates in the aforementioned careers. In-depth interviews were conducted to analyze the main integrative discipline and identify the need to develop skills to detect developmental disorders and provide early care. Criterion was obtained from seven specialists selected with intentional sampling, based on their experiences in primary health care and teaching in these careers. The data were processed with thematic content analysis.

Results: the governing programs and the scenarios where they develop their education at work were analyzed and it was found that the skills for the detection of atypical courses, early diagnosis, early stimulation and comprehensive care are insufficient.

Conclusions: Theoretical-methodological and praxiological alternatives were proposed for attention to developmental disorders in the Nursing, Speech Therapy, Rehabilitation and Occupational Therapy careers, given the increase in methodological work and proposal of a Center for the stimulation of development that guarantees skills to improve care.