Nursing Care in Primary Care for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abstract

Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition with increasing incidence, which requires adapted health care, particularly when discussed in primary care. Training nurses to provide adequate care to these people is an emerging need.

Objective: To identify in scientific literature the Nursing care provided to people with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Primary Health Care.

Methods: Integrative review. The guiding question was based on the PICo strategy. Searches were carried out in the databases: Embase, MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Virtual Health Library. The search terms were used: “Autism Spectrum Disorder,” “Nursing Care,” and “Primary Health Care.” Original articles in Portuguese, English and Spanish were included. The data were synthesized in tables and analyzed descriptively. Of 256 studies, ten were selected.

Conclusions: Analysis revealed a gap in nurses' knowledge about identification of sensory disorders in children. The need for personalized care and early diagnosis was emphasized. Family nursing interventions, Family Centered Care and interdisciplinary educational approaches were crucial, showing the value of family participation and holistic management. Contemporary nursing theories were essential in personalizing care. Study highlights the urgency of improving the training of nurses in Primary Health Care, especially educational and practical gaps. Highlights the importance of family-centered care and review of protocols, which benefits the person and Nursing.