Difficult Airway Assessment by Nursing in Intensive Pediatric Care
Keywords:
intratracheal intubation, airway management, nursing specialties, critical care nursing, intensive care units.Abstract
Introduction: The airway assessment is a fundamental cornerstone to perform adequate interventions on the critically-ill patient, by allowing to identify the risk of difficult airway.
Objective: To evaluate, by nursing action, the presence of difficult airway in pediatric intensive care.
Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in the intensive care unit of Hospital Provincial Pediátrico Universitario José Luis Miranda, of Villa Clara, Cuba, during the year 2023. The study population consisted of 360 children admitted without an optimized airway. The Colorado Pediatric Airway Score was used to evaluate the airway and, after obtaining the informed consent of the parents or legal guardians, a form was filled in to obtain data on age, sex and nutritional status. Descriptive statistics with summary measures for qualitative variables (absolute frequencies and percentages) were used.
Results: 39.44 % were under one year of age and 52.78 % were male. The 63 children with a nutritional status of overweight and obesity were classified with risk of difficult airway. The three best predictors were uvula visibility, history of previous intubation and neck range of motion, which were positive in 100 % of those identified with anticipation to present dangerous airway.
Conclusions: Nursing airway assessment was successful in predicting the presence of difficult airway in the pediatric intensive care unit. This procedure should be included in the professional practice of critical care nursing.
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References
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