An Instrument for Identifying Preconcepcional Risk upon the Economic, Social and Health Conditions

Abstract

Introduction: For the study of the conditions in the economic, social and health sectors that may constitute preconceptional risk factors, an adequate design and validation of an instrument is required to identify the risk in order to contribute to a better management and control from the nursing performance.

Objective: To describe the process of construction of an instrument for the identification of preconceptional risk from the economic, social and health conditions in women at childbearing age.

Methods: An instrumental study was carried out in the Cuban municipality of Artemisa in the period 2021-2022. It was structured in three phases: construction of items based on theory and review of studies, as well as validation, carried out by consulting experts. Content validity (Moriyama), item content relevance (V Aiken), interrater concordance (Fleiss Kappa) and face validity (pilot test) were determined. In addition, a reliability analysis was conducted (Cronbach's alpha) and work was done on drafting the final version of the instrument.

Results: Seven variables, 47 dimensions and 57 items were identified, with a content validity and an adequate relevance of V = 0.97, an almost perfect interrater agreement of 0.84. Face validation showed that no substitution, addition or omission of words was necessary. The overall reliability of the instrument was adequate (Cronbach's alpha of 0.94).

Conclusions: An instrument with consistency and reliability was designed and validated, which will allow identifying the conditions in the economic, social and health sectors in women at childbearing age in the Cuban municipality of Artemisa.